Mindmap image with the 5 formal elements of game design

Jessica’s Mindmap: Formal Elements

It was especially interesting to note the elements or versions of elements that I was unfamiliar with.

I still have questions about who defines the objectives. The lecture seems to suggest they must be defined by the game but I wonder if the player defining them is equally valid. I also wonder what exactly was meant by the requirement that games have unequal outcomes. In a cooperative game the players all have the same outcome in one instance but could have a different outcome when playing a different time.

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