Critical Play: World Building (Super Mario World)

Super Mario World (emulator) encourages the reader to care about its “super” world through its formal structure. Every gameplay action is designed to inform the player about the world, whether its narrative dialogue, character/enemy feedback, or level progression. The core mechanics remain consistent and builds upon itself as the story progresses, exposing the world and its possibilities through cause and effect.

This interactivity is what makes the environment feel alive, which is a common thread among games in the Mario universe. In line with Gabriela Periera’s ecological model, Mario serves as the filter through which players experience the world. His size, speed, and abilities change how the player is interacting with each environment/level. For example, shrinking size may cause obstacles, routes, and enemies to feel much more dangerous, while power-ups and allies (like Yoshi) can make the level feel easier. These dependencies create a dynamic relationship between the player and the environment, where the level’s meaning shifts depending on your character’s state and progress.

Characters like Yoshi add emotional texture, serving as a companion to players throughout their gameplay. Whenever I lost Yoshi, I felt myself fighting to get him back— not because of points, but because of the dynamism he added to the movements and actions. The enemies also reinforce this layered world building, as each one is paired with unique environmental characteristics and patterns (e.g. movements, grassy vs. underground environments). This contributes to each level feeling distinct, where moments of interaction teach you about the new elements in your environment.

Mechanically, Super Mario World depicts the body in interesting ways. Transformations of the body, including shrinking, growing, and “fire” mode, are restricted to Mario and Mario only. Other characters and enemies do not carry such abilities, but rather are limited to retreating in their shell (Koopa) or little to no defense (Goomba). Of course, the enemies get more complex and difficult as the game progresses, but the body transformations remain reserved for Mario. If I were to mod the game, I’d like to see how giving these abilities to the other entities in the game affects gameplay, but also affects how the other entities are interpreted by the player. Do enemies feel more dangerous? Relatable? Human?

From an MDA perspective, the mechanics of jumping, collecting power-ups and coins, and navigating a world map creates dynamics of curiosity, risk, and mastery. The aesthetics, specifically the explorative and rewarding nature of gameplay, emerge naturally through Mario’s progression through the narrative. The Super Mario World becomes compelling and immersive through the player’s progression, not through a narrator or extensive backstory.

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